Fat-dissolving injections for small fat deposits
Injection lipolysis places an active substance into clearly defined subcutaneous fat to trigger a local tissue response and gradual breakdown of fat cells. It is not a weight-loss treatment and does not replace liposuction for larger volumes. The product, area, evidence and approval status must be established before treatment.
Suitability and approval status
Suitability depends on a small, palpable deposit of subcutaneous fat, skin elasticity, anatomy and weight status. The physician distinguishes fat from excess skin, muscle, glands, lymph nodes or other causes of a bulge and considers previous procedures. The approval of a deoxycholic acid product available in Germany is limited to adults with moderate to severe submental fullness and significant psychological impact; other body areas may be off-label depending on the product. Infection, relevant conditions, medication, pregnancy and breastfeeding are included in the decision.
How injection lipolysis is performed
The suitable area is examined and marked before the product is injected into the intended subcutaneous fat layer at several defined points. Amount, number of injection points, number of sessions and intervals depend on the product, area and findings. For off-label use, the evidence, alternatives and additional uncertainties are discussed separately and consent is documented.
Aftercare and warning signs
Swelling, pain, redness, bruising, numbness, firmness or nodules can occur after injection and may sometimes persist. The area should be cared for and monitored as instructed. Increasing pain, blistering, open skin, white, grey or dark discolouration, or signs of infection require prompt medical assessment. After treatment beneath the chin, an asymmetrical smile, facial weakness or difficulty swallowing are also warning signs.
Results and possible risks
A contour change develops over weeks and may require more than one session; its extent and symmetry cannot be guaranteed. Treatment does not reduce visceral fat or overall body weight. In addition to local reactions, risks include inflammation, infection, persistent nodules or sensory changes, nerve or vascular injury, skin ulceration, necrosis and scarring. Effectiveness and risks may be less well studied outside an approved indication.
